Discrimination By Andrew Niccol s Gattaca - 1515 Words

Discrimination was a prominent theme in Gattaca. In the movie directed by Andrew Niccol, Vincent Freeman is conceived without the help of genetic engineering, which had become the primary way of having a child. As a result of Vincent s parents decision to conceive him naturally, Vincent suffered from myopia and a congenital heart defect; along with a life expectancy of only 30.2 years, he was prone to discrimination in a society where your DNA determined your social class. Children conceived naturally like Vincent were considered the underclass and invalids; because of this, they were subjected to perform jobs that took minimal skills. However, this didn’t go over too well with Vincent whose sole dream was to go to Saturn’s moon, Titan. Since Vincent cannot achieve his dream solely by hard work, he is forced to become a â€Å"de-gene-rate†, or borrow an elitists identity, in this case, Jerome Morrow’s. Jerome Morrow was a gold medal swimmer who won silver once and tried to commit suicide because he failed himself. Morrrow however was not successful in his attempt and only succeeded in paralyzing himself. Morrow allowed Freeman to borrow his identity and in return , Freeman had to fund Morrow’s lifestyle. In order for Vincent Anton Freeman to become Jerome Morrow, he must diligently scrub his body daily to get rid of as much of his own DNA as possible. Freeman not only consistently has to gets rid of skin cells and any hair that might fall , but he must also pass daily DNAShow MoreRelatedFarenheit451/Gattaca, Relationship Between Man and Machine1243 Words   |  5 Pagesa genre of fiction revolving around science and technology, usually conveying the dystopian alternative future context, the pessimistic resultant of society. Ray Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451 (1953) and Andrew Niccols Gattaca (1997) both explore the values and concerns of human existence. Despite the difference in context, Gattaca and Fahrenheit 451 both extrapo late the relationship between man and machine in a metaphorical sense. Both pose similar dystopian concepts of a machine like world. ThroughRead MoreThe Handmaid s Tale And Gattaca1106 Words   |  5 PagesA dystopian text is a manifestation of society s deepest fears. How is this explored in The Handmaid s Tale and Gattaca? A comparison of dystopian texts explores contemporary issues of society and integrates them into an alien world. The Handmaid s Tale by Margaret Atwood illustrates the nature of society as far from ideal, and the destructive nature of oppression. Similarly, Gattaca by Andrew Niccol epitomises the characteristics of a dystopian text, by highlighting the subversion of naturalRead MoreDiscussion of Whether Gattaca Portrays A Realistic View Of The Future And Gene Manipulation1532 Words   |  7 PagesDiscussion of Whether Gattaca Portrays A Realistic View Of The Future And Gene Manipulation Media. It controls a lot of what we think, what we believe and so changes our attitude and behaviour towards certain things. It has changed our thinking so much so that we believe almost anything and everything the media say and do. Without the media, life would not be as it is. Newspapers, magazines, television, internet, radio, the lot have very much altered our thinking. Read MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1727 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Industrial Revolution, which explains why it explores the dangers of too much knowledge. This book serves as an ominous warning that warns us that the power of science, if not properly limited, will cause misfortune and unhappiness. Frankenstein s monster, although an incredible feat of science, quickly leads to one tragedy after the next, before ultimately leading to Frankenstein’s downfall. Therefore, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein does indeed prove that modern science, without thoughtful, carefulRead MoreThe Film Gattaca Is Genetic Discrimination1584 Words   |  7 Pagestheme in The film Gattaca is genetic discrimination. In the aseptic society Vincent lives in , life is genetically restrained even before the individual is born so that each person gets the â€Å"best possible start†. The sterile environment captures a strictly controlled ambience favouring genetic perfection above anythi ng else. It is a society that overpowers human desire and human relationships. This becomes apparent through the mechanical robotic characters that live in Gattaca. Traits such as personalityRead MoreGattac A Futuristic And Dystopian Society2320 Words   |  10 Pagesanalyze Snowpiercer directed by Joon Ho Bong, Gattaca directed by Andrew Niccol both are movies that show this genre of a futuristic and dystopian society. Snowpiercer and Gattaca show conventions that convey this genre through a dystopian protagonist who standing up against a higher power, restrictions upon freedom and inequality(discrimination) in Gattaca the protagonist Vincent stands up to the labels of valids and invalids and the discrimination between the two labels in order to achieve hisRead MoreGattaca Is A American Sci Fi Film Directed And Written By Andrew Niccol1901 Words   |  8 PagesIs it where we are born? How we are born? Or who we are born too? Gattaca is a 1997 American sci-fi film directed and written by Andrew Niccol. It stars Ethan Hawke as Vincent Freeman the main protagonist. The movie has a host of now big name actors and actresses such as Uma Thurman, Jude Law, and Alan Arkin. The film focuses on Vincent Freeman s underdog struggle with the eugenics program and how he overcomes genetic discrimination to realize his dream of space travel. The movie centers on concernsRead MoreFilm Review : Gattaca And Gattaca2668 Words   |  11 Pagesanalyse Snowpiercer directed by Joon Ho Bong, Gattaca directed by Andrew Niccol both are movies that show this genre of a futuristic and dystopian society. Snowpiercer and Gattaca show conventions that convey this genre through a dystopian protagonist who standing up against a higher power, restrictions upon freedom and inequality(discrimination) in Gattaca the protagonist Vincent stands up to the labels of valids and invalids and the discrimination between the two labels in order to achieve his

Commen Elemements of Fiction - 1570 Words

Anyone that is well situated into the world of literature knows of the literacy genius Edgar Allen Poe. Most of Poe’s works do not have the slightest bit of joy or happiness in them. His literature mainly consists of a dark and gothic mood; mostly due to the fact that his actual life was worse than his stories. For those who have read a few of his stories or poems you might notice a similarity in plot. In his worksâ€Å" The Cask of Amontillado,† â€Å" The Black Cat,† and â€Å" The Tell-Tale Heart,† there is clear similarity of plot between the three stories. In â€Å" The Cask of Amontillado,† the reader is introduced to two characters, Montresor and Fortunato. They meet a carnival that is occurring in what appears Italy. Montresor informs Fortunato†¦show more content†¦Instead the swing of the axe landed on his wife’s hand. This made the husband even more angered, and he planted the axe into his wife’s skull to dismiss the interference. He disposed of his wife’s body by burying her into the cellar walls. The police arrived after four days investigating the household top to bottom. When the arrived at the cellar the husband felt did not feel the slightest bit anxiety. Just as the police were about to finish their investigation a screw came from the cellar walls. The police pulled the flimsy wall down to find the corpse of the husband’s wife before them. In the story â€Å" Tell-Tale Heart,† the reader will be shown an unnamed narrator who is saying that he is only nervous not mad. He say s he is going to tell us a story to assure to the reader that he is not mad. He talks about an idea that appeared in his head, about an old man he takes care of, that has haunted him day and night. There was not a desideratum or reason for it, but he says it might have been his eye that resembled those of a vulture. The man came up with the plan to take the old mans life over his eye. He stated â€Å"I was never kinder to the old man than during the whole week before I killed him. And every night about midnight I turned the latch of his door and opened it oh, so gently! And then, when I had made an opening sufficient for my head, I put in a dark lantern all closed, closed so that no light shone out, and then I thrust

International Energy Policy Global Effort To Fight The Change

Question: Discuss about the International Energy Policy for Global Effort To Fight The Change? Answer: Introduction Global warming and climate change are one of the integral discussions that the world is facing currently (Hansen, Sato and Ruedy 2012). Along with affecting the nature, it is affecting the human beings biologically. It has been found that carbon emission is the most dangerous that is happening in the society which is largely affecting the world. There have been various steps and various treaties that have been launched to make the environment better and safer for the living beings. Thus, write-up will focus on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change- conferences of parties that was held in April in the year 2015 (Field 2012). The conference started on 30 November 2015 and went on until 12th December 2015. The agreement was later merged with Kyoto protocol. The write-up will give particular attention to the effect of the conferences on Brazil. The write-up will further critically analyze the steps taken by Brazil in the past and the changes that have been taken by th e government after the agreement (Shindell 2012). Conference in Paris The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change started in the year 1992 (UNFCCC 2016). Various countries around the world joined in an international treaty and pledged that they will work together to combat the issues of climate changes and global warming. In the year 1995, the treaty even strengthened to act towards the global change in the world temperature and eventually, it adopted the Kyoto Protocol (Deser 2012). The Kyoto Protocol brings together the developed countries that in turn will help in reducing the emission in the environment to make the environment a better place to live in. However, in the year 2015, the Paris Agreement of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was adopted on 12 December 2015 (OUTCOMES OF THE U.N. CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE IN PARIS 2015). The Paris Agreement was launched with a perspective of further developing the bonding to face the issues of climate change in the atmospheres. The Paris Agreement was done to (or intending to) strengthen the actions and distribute the investments in such a manner so that they could aim for the low carbon future.' As carbon emission is one of the most grievous problems in the society, hence, Paris Agreement decided to keep the global temperature rise below 2 degree Celsius above the pre-industrial level. The Paris Agreement even decided that the countries would make an even further effort to keep the temperature rise below 1.5 degree Celsius (UNFCCC 2015). However, this goal seems impossible until it is backed up by a proper plan regarding the finances and transparency of the plan, which will support the cause (Chemnick 2016). One of the most important parts of the plan is the transparency. The countries were asked to submit the emission report to the author so that the they track the emissions that are taking place in various countries and whether they are taking the necessary step to combat those emissions (Rubin 2016). The report that will be submitted to the authorities will go through an expert technical review', and they will decide if the countries require any extra help to make the agreement work. Depending upon the program and the available amount of resources the agreement can make the scope and the frequency more flexible so that it easier for the countries to achieve the goals (Stocker 2014). Finance is another issue for the countries bonded in the agreement with the developing countries demand more financial support and assurance (Fankhauser 2013). To maintain a balance between the developed and the developing countries the agreement has asked the developed countries to provide financial support to eh developing countries. The developed countries have already promised to provide $100 billion per year to the developing countries until the year 2025. However, the COP has decided to extend the goal after the year 2025 (Schwartz 2016). Energy Policy of Brazil Keeping in view the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Brazil has adopted the mitigation and the steps for implementation of the plan to achieve the goal that has been set in the Paris Agreement. Mitigation Brazil has decided to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions by 37% by taking in view the durations of a decade, which is from 2005 to 2025. It has been planned that gradually, it will reduce by 43% (The Brics Post 2016). As far as the use of market is concerned, the country has kept itself open to use any kind mechanisms in any market to achieve the goals that have been set in the Paris Agreement. The federal government should give formal and prior consent. Brazil will not allow any other party other than the Paris Agreement and the Kyoto Protocol to get involved in the mitigation outcomes (Luomi 2014). Adaptation and Undertaking Brazil has taken initiatives to help the country achieve the agenda that has been set in the conventions. To achieve the goals, it has taken measures by controlling the population, the ecosystems, the production system and reduce the vulnerability and the through the use of the services of the ecosystem (UNFCCC 2015). Implementation Plan Brazil plans to implement the steps with the help of the financial conventions that have been provided by the Paris Agreement. To enhance their actions, Brazil aims to take full help and support from the authorities of the convention. If Brazil needs to take further actions reacting the implementation of the plan, the country might need to get more international support and flow of investment. They need to develop the technology, transfer of technology and the deployment of technology. Special actions have been taken in the forest sector where they implemented REDD+ activities, and the steps will regularly be reviewed so that the result will be permanent and expect to get payment from the conventions as it has been decided in the Paris Agreement (UNFCCC 2015). Critical Analysis The bulk of GHG emissions in the atmosphere are related to the emissions from the industrial and residential development. The relationship between energy and development has evolved in Brazil. It is undoubtedly responsible for the historical emissions for the increasing global warming rate of the climate (Jacoby and Chen 2015). According to the IPCC, the CO2 emissions are necessitating the need to characterize with sustainable use of energy followed by large scales measures adopted for land use changes and forests. Moreover, enhancing the zero-low-carbon energy supply by would lower the emissions by the year 2050 (Mundy et al. 2016). The Globalization of Energy Demand and Carbon Emissions in Brazil Brazil is one of the countries that are changing due the growing demand for energy (fossil fuels), emphasis on energy production, carbonization in the electricity sector and the struggling bioenergy sector. However, according to the current government estimates, the emissions have grown to 60% in the current decade of 2012-2022. Nevertheless, an alternative solution is possible with the signals are given in right direction to prevent the carbonization supply and ensuring growth and competitiveness in the constrained-carbon world (Luomi 2014). The challenges are primarily faced in the GHG emissions; hydropower dominated electricity sector, transport, and the fossil fuels emissions. However, as compared with other oil producing countries, Brazil has shown impressive results in reducing emissions from deforestation that accounts for 82% from 2004 to 2014. According to the energy mix, Brazil constitutes of 40% of renewable with 75% in the electricity supply itself which is four times the average of OECD countries (UNFCCC 2015). As per the tenth session of COP (Conference of Parties) in Paris, the agreement was to prevent the rise of global temperature above 2 degrees Celsius. UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres encouraged countries to come forward with their INDCs for underlining obligation and support towards the thriving outcome in Paris. These decisions imposed by UNFCCC led Brazil to lower the emissions while assuring transparency, clarity, and understanding in the measures taken (UNFCCC 2015). Effort Measures taken on Decisions by Tenth Session Meeting of UNFCCC Brazil's INDC had a broad scope in incorporating alleviation, adaptation and ways of accomplishment, consistent with the contributions' rationale to achieve the eventual objective of the Convention. Brazil advance adoption measures the 2 degrees Celsius temperature goal according to the highlights of the Convention. Broadly it can be described under three headings as given below. Emissions Abatement The emission abatement is one crucial issue that throws light on the land use change and forests and the energy sector emissions that influences not only the climate's temperature but also the economic structures and resource bases. The land use change and forests are based on the implementation of particular policies and measures that view to attain zero illegal deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia by 2030 (Romeiro and Biderman 2016). It also says that compensating for the greenhouse gasses emissions from legally controlled vegetations for further strengthening the policies. It is also, adopting multiple purposes in forests to restore the reforestation in 12 million hectares. However, after the attainment of small measures, the Brazilian government will apply georeferencing and tracking system for the native management to eliminate the unsustainable and illegal practices (UNFCCC 2015). The second factor in which sustainable practices will be reinforced is the energy sector in which renewable energy should constitute of 45% of the energy mix by 2030. This factor will outline the three dimensions. They are an expansion of renewable resources; achieving gains in electricity sector with the expansion of non-fossil fuel energy sources. The three dimensions should constitute a target by 20130 that includes renewable source expansion with a special focus on hydropower energy of 28-33%. Secondly, achievement of 10% efficiency gains by 2030. Lastly, increasing the expansion of power supply to at least 23% by augmenting the share of biomass, solar and wind renewable energy (Romeiro and Biderman 2016). Emissions Intensity The emission concentration can be reduced by increasing the share of sustainable fuels in the Brazilian energy mix strategy that expands the biofuel consumption by 18% in 2030. However, with the growing ethanol supply, increasing the share of advanced biodiesel mix in diesel and increasing the advanced fuels of the second generation will help in lowering the concentrating of emissions (Melim-McLeod, 2015). Nevertheless, if analyzed on the different sectors in Brazil; the agricultural sector is following the "Low Carbon Emission Program" (ABC) for reinstating the additional 15 million hectares of pasturelands that have been degraded by 2030. Moreover, enhancing an extra 5 million hectares of cropland-stock-forestry systems will help in reducing the emission concentration. In the industry sector, new clean technologies have been developed that enhances the energy efficiency measures by developing low carbon infrastructure (Silva-Chvez 2015). Nevertheless, in the transport sector that emits maximum amount of carbon-di-oxide emissions is improving its infrastructure in the urban areas pertaining to public transportation (UNFCCC 2015). Abatement Cost The cost of controlling emissions is one perspective that needs concern because the Brazil's climate plan is based on short-term measures that will focus on long-term sustainable planning. Brazil's cost-effective abatement prospects are to reduce GHG energy recounted emissions by roughly 40 percent comparative to the baseline of present plans for the energy sector (The New Climate Economy Report 2016 2014). Such efforts will as well convey health co-benefits and enlarge the competitive nature in the cities. However, the initial cost as stated will rise and may affect the social structure of the economy that will be publicly articulated by with a vision of reinvesting the revenue derived from oil export or social welfare programs (Marcondes de Carvalho 2015). Conclusion Brazil one of the oil producing countries has made a global effort to fight the change but the momentum is not on the highest level and is less ambitious. Nonetheless, Brazil needs to necessitate for a goal that could change the course of the economy. On the other hand, Brazil is making its full attempt being one of the first major developing countries that are fighting for climate change with an absolute reduction target of emissions. However, the common vision followed by every country as well as Brazil signals the desire for zero carbon worlds in the new international climate agreement. References Chemnick, J. (2016). PARIS AGREEMENT: Who will be the next U.N. climate chief?. E E Publishing LLC. Deser, C., Phillips, A., Bourdette, V. and Teng, H., (2012). Uncertainty in climate change projections: the role of internal variability.Climate Dynamics,38(3-4), pp.527-546. Fankhauser, S., (2013).Valuing climate change: the economics of the greenhouse. Routledge. Field, C.B. ed., (2012).Managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate change adaptation: special report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press. Hansen, J., Sato, M. and Ruedy, R., (2012). Perception of climate change.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,109(37), pp.E2415-E2423. Jacoby, H.D. and Chen, Y.H.H., (2015). Launching a New Climate Regime. Luomi, M. (2014).Sustainable Energy in Brazil: Reversing Past Achievements or Realizing Future Potential. oxfordenergy.org. Available at: https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/SP-34.pdf [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. Marcondes de Carvalho, J. (2015).The Road Through Paris (Climate Nexus) : Brazil. The Road Through Paris. Available at: https://www.theroadthroughparis.org/country-profiles/brazil [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. Melim-McLeod, C. (2015).Paris: A Climate Game Changer?. LSE International Development. Available at: https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/internationaldevelopment/2015/12/01/paris-a-climate-game-changer/ [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. Mundy, K., Green, A., Lingard, B. and Verger, A. eds., (2016).Handbook of Global Education Policy. John Wiley Sons. OUTCOMES OF THE U.N. CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE IN PARIS. (2015). 1st ed. [ebook] Center for climate and energy solutions. Available at: https://cop-21-paris-summary-02-2016-final.pdf [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. Romeiro, V. and Biderman, R. (2016).A Closer Look at Brazils New Climate Plan (INDC) | World Resources Institute. Wri.org. Available at: https://www.wri.org/blog/2015/09/closer-look-brazils-new-climate-plan-indc [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. RUBIN, J. (2016). Where do the oil sands fit in a low-carbon future?. The Globe and Mail. Available at: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/rob-commentary/where-do-the-oil-sands-fit-in-a-low-carbon-future/article29203090/ [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. Schwartz, G. (2016). Science and Politics Clash as Humanity Nears Climate Change Tipping Point. EcoWatch. Available at: https://ecowatch.com/2016/03/13/climate-change-tipping-point/ [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. Shindell, D., Kuylenstierna, J.C., Vignati, E., van Dingenen, R., Amann, M., Klimont, Z., Anenberg, S.C., Muller, N., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Raes, F. and Schwartz, J., (2012). Simultaneously mitigating near-term climate change and improving human health and food security.Science,335(6065), pp.183-189. Silva-Chvez, G. (2015).Brazil's INDC Signals Further Progress at Less Ambitious Pace. Forest Trends. Available at: https://forest-trends.org/blog/2015/10/08/brazils-indc-signals-further-progress-but-at-less-ambitious-pace/ [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. Stocker, T.F. ed., (2014).Climate change 2013: the physical science basis: Working Group I contribution to the Fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press. The Brics Post, (2016). Climate change creating extreme weather report. Available at: https://thebricspost.com/climate-change-creating-extreme-weather-report/#.VuaIZZx97IU [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. The New Climate Economy Report (2016). 2014.Energy. Available at: https://2014.newclimateeconomy.report/energy/ [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. UNFCCC. (2015).Brazil Submits its Climate Action Plan Ahead of 2015 Paris Agreement. Available at: https://newsroom.unfccc.int/unfccc-newsroom/brazil-submits-its-climate-action-plan-ahead-of-2015-paris-agreement/ [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. UNFCCC. (2015).FEDERATIVE REPUBLIC OF BRAZIL INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION. Available at: https://www4.unfccc.int/submissions/INDC/Published%20Documents/Brazil/1/BRAZIL%20iNDC%20english%20FINAL.pdf [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. Unfccc.int. (2015). Paris Climate Change Conference - November 2015. Available at: https://unfccc.int/meetings/paris_nov_2015/meeting/8926/php/view/decisions.php [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016]. UNFCCC (2016). Essential Background. Available at: https://unfccc.int/essential_background/items/6031.php [Accessed 13 Mar. 2016].

Of Mice And Men Evaluation Essays - Literature,

Of Mice And Men Evaluation "A guy goes nuts if he ain't got nobody. Don't matter no difference who the guy is, long's he's with you. I tell ya a guy gets too lonely an' he gets sick." A major theme in Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men is loneliness. The characters Crooks, Candy, and Curley's wife, each suffer from this although the severity of their seclusion varied. The old swamper, Candy is victimized by isolation as a result of two main factors, one being his disability and the other being his age. For example, throughout the book we find the farmhands out bucking the barley while Candy is left behind to sweep and clean the ranch. He lost his hand after getting it caught in a piece of machinery and as a result he is forced to stay behind. This being one of the major factors that leads to his loneliness. Furthermore, Candy's age adds to his feeling of uselessness. Because he thinks that he is old he puts himself in a state of mind that handicaps him more than his missing hand ever will. He looks down on himself as an old worthless man that's wasting away his last few years. Not only is it the way that others think of him, but also the way he thinks of himself that forces him to find solitude. The most evident case of loneliness is Curley's wife. No matter how hard she tries she can not fit in. For example, when she tries numerous times to talk to George and Lenny she is either ignored or told to leave. Because of her reputation for being a flirt none of the farmhands want to talk to her. It is the threat of getting in trouble with Curley that causes many workers to avoid her. In addition, because of Curley's insecure feelings he neglects her and forces her to seek attention anyway she can, even if it means flirting. She is ignored by both the farmhands and her own husband and because of this she is being forced into loneliness, the one thing she fights so hard against. Crooks is a black man that experiences isolation in terms of racism. For example, he is forced to live alone in the barn. Because the setting of this book takes place during the 1930's discrimination sadly still exists. The farmhands feel that since he is black he isn't worthy of living with the rest of them. Furthermore, his separation from others causes his severe loneliness. He spends his nights reading and his days alone in the barn working on the horses. His distance from others will eventually causes his downfall. We find discrimination being the major cause of this characters loneliness. He is treated as an outcast and peon and is forced t find friendship in the only thing that he can, the books he reads. Loneliness is an inescapable fact of life that not even the strongest can avoid. Throughout the story Of Mice and Men we discover the many sources of solitude, primarily being discrimination and prejudice. Crooks, Candy, and Curley's wife all suffer from these facts which leads them to their loneliness. As for the consequences we find that the severity of each characters loneliness varied and that the eventual effects were directly related to the magnitude of their solitude.